The first modern Captain America film was something of a nostalgia-fest, intriducing the characer in his WWII incanration and only bringinfg him into the present at the very end. The situation may well be reversed in the sequel due out next Spring.
We see Steve Rogers dealing better with the evolution of techhnology than he does with the apparent devolution of moral imperatives. He's uncomfortable with some of the pro-active military strategies employed by the Powers That Be and SHIELD... and it appears that some higher-ups (including Robert Redford) may come into direct conflict with the American icon's stricter moral code. We've been told that there's definitely a spy/political edge to Winter Soldier, but the title (comic fans will know to what it relates) and the set-pieces illustrated above indicate that there should be enough action to keep up with the normal Marvel demands...